Barabati Fort
The great Barabati Fort was built in the 14th century by blue granite. Now, this fort is in ruins and only the gateway, moat and a mosque inside the fort remains. The fort was built by one of the Ganga rulers in the 14th century and was in the hands of Marhatta when it was taken by the British in 1803. The stone rivetment which protects it from seasonal floods was built in the 16th century. The venerated shrine of Katak Chandi is situated at a strolling distance from the fort area.

Ratnagiri and Lalitgiri
Earlier, Ratnagiri in the Birupa river valley was an important centure of Mahayana Buddhism, but during the 8th and 9th centuries it became the seat of Vajrayana art and philosophy or Tantric Buddhism. Ratnagiri has the most extensive ruins of the 8th and 9th centuries. Various excavations have been done here which have unearthed sculptures, monasteries, temples and stupas belonging to the 8th and 9th centuries. A recent excavation had led to the finding of inscriptions belonging to the Kusahan period in the 2nd century A.D. From the main stupa of Ratnagiri, one can see a limitless panorama of greenery, with the Brahmani River gently flowing these hills. The University of

Pushpagiri also flourished here and the famous Chinese traveller Hiuen Tsang visied the place in 639 AD and described it as one of the Orissa's Buddhist centres of learning. Lalitgiri is known for the discovery of an ancient stupa containing relics preserved in caskets of stone. Its antiquity and silver and gold contents have led to speculation that these are relics of the Buddha.